Responsive Design
Media queries, mobile-first approach, and responsive techniques
Responsive Techniques
css
// Mobile-First Responsive
/* Mobile-first: start with mobile, add complexity */
.container {
padding: 1rem;
max-width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
/* Tablet and up */
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
.sidebar { display: block; }
}
/* Desktop */
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
.grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
}
/* Container queries — respond to parent, not viewport */
.card-container { container-type: inline-size; }
@container (min-width: 400px) {
.card { flex-direction: row; }
}
/* Fluid typography — scales smoothly */
h1 {
font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}
/* Responsive images */
img {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}Key Breakpoints
- 320px — Small phones
- 480px — Large phones
- 768px — Tablets
- 1024px — Small desktops/laptops
- 1280px — Large desktops
💬 Why mobile-first over desktop-first?
Mobile-first means: (1) Start with essential content/styles, (2) Progressively enhance for larger screens, (3) Better performance on mobile (no unused desktop CSS loaded), (4) Forces content prioritization.